Unit I: Introduction to Plant Culture

• Introduction

  • Cryo and organ genic differentiation
  • Types of culture:
    • Seed culture
    • Embryo culture
    • Callus culture
    • Organs culture
    • Cell culture
    • Protoplast culture

• Micro propagation

  • Axillary bud proliferation
  • Meristem and shoot tip culture
  • Cud culture
  • Organogenesis
  • Embryogenesis
  • Advantages and disadvantages of micro propagation

Unit II: Haploid Production

• Androgenic Methods

  • Anther culture
  • Microspore culture
  • Ando genesis

• Haploids

  • Significance and uses
  • Ploidy level
  • Chromosome doubling
  • Diploidization

• Gynogenic Haploids

  • Factors affecting gynogenesis
  • Chromosome elimination techniques for haploid production in cereals

Unit III: Protoplast Studies

• Protoplast Isolation and Fusion

  • Methods of protoplast isolation
  • Protoplast development
  • Somatic hybridization
  • Identification and selection of hybrid cells
  • Cybrids
  • Potential of somatic hybridization
  • Limitations

• Somaclonal Variation

  • Nomenclature
  • Methods
  • Applications
  • Basis and disadvantages

Unit IV: Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria

• Nitrogen Fixation

  • Nitrogenase
  • Hydrogenase
  • Nodulation

• Biocontrol

  • Biocontrol of pathogens
  • Growth promotion by free-living bacteria