Question 1

Acinetobacter baumannii is a:
(1) Disease-causing bacteria
(2) Nitrogen-fixing bacteria
(3) None of the above
(4) Decomposer bacteria

Solution: *Acinetobacter baumannii* is a Gram-negative, opportunistic human pathogen known for causing serious healthcare-associated infections like pneumonia and meningitis.  

Question 2

Choose the correct example of a mechanical barrier method of contraception from the options provided below:
(1) Use of birth control pills
(2) Use of Copper-T
(3) Male Sterilization
(4) Condom use

Solution: Condoms are mechanical barriers because they physically block sperm from entering the uterus. Pills are hormonal, Copper-T is an IUD, and sterilization is a surgical method.  

Question 3

How does the relationship between a flower and a honeybee benefit the flower?
(1) Pollination
(2) None of the above
(3) More than one of the above
(4) Quick germination of pollen
(5) Faster development

Solution: The honeybee assists in pollination by transferring pollen from the anther to the stigma as it moves between flowers to collect nectar.  

Question 4

In Spirogyra, how does asexual reproduction occur?
(1) By breaking up of filaments into smaller bits
(2) By division of a cell into two cells
(3) By division of a cell into many cells
(4) More than one of the above
(5) None of the above

Solution: *Spirogyra* reproduces asexually through fragmentation, where the multicellular filament breaks into smaller pieces, each growing into a new individual.  

Question 5

Which enzyme is responsible for the process of transcription?
(1) DNA Polymerase III
(2) RNA Polymerase
(3) DNA Polymerase II
(4) DNA Polymerase I

Solution: RNA Polymerase is the primary enzyme responsible for synthesizing RNA from a DNA template during transcription.  

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of an American poultry breed?
(1) Augsburger
(2) Manx Rumpy
(3) Rhode Island Red
(4) Sulmtaler

Solution: The Rhode Island Red is a famous American breed of domestic chicken, originating in the states of Rhode Island and Massachusetts.  

Question 7

Which of the following statements correctly describe the processes of parturition and lactation in humans?
A. Parturition is the process of delivery of the fetus, which is induced by a complex endocrine mechanism.
B. The signals for parturition originate from the fully developed fetus and placenta, causing mild uterine contractions.
C. Oxytocin, released from the posterior pituitary, acts on the uterine muscles to cause stronger contractions leading to childbirth.
D. The initial milk produced by the mother’s mammary glands after birth is called colostrum and is rich in antibodies essential for the newborn.

(1) A, B, C, and D only
(2) A, B, and C only
(3) B and D only
(4) A, C, and D only

Solution: All statements are correct. Parturition is triggered by a neuroendocrine mechanism (fetal ejection reflex), and colostrum provides critical antibodies (IgA) for the newborn's immunity.  

Question 8

Which type of mosquito is the carrier of the Malaria disease?
(1) Anopheles Mosquito
(2) Asian tiger Mosquito
(3) Aedes Mosquito
(4) Culex Mosquito

Solution: Malaria is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected female *Anopheles* mosquito carrying the *Plasmodium* parasite.  

Question 9

Who suggested that chemical evolution occurred before biological evolution?
(1) Pasteur and Miller
(2) More than one of the above
(3) Darwin and Wallace
(4) None of the above
(5) Oparin and Haldane

Solution: Oparin and Haldane proposed that life originated through a gradual process of chemical evolution, where simple inorganic molecules formed complex organic compounds before biological life emerged.